Used heavily in the later parts of Ultima VI, and periodically in many later games, the Gargoyle language consists of a unique alphabet and pronunciation.
"Gargoyle" is an English corruption of gargl, the Gargoyles' name for themselves and their language. An informal word for gargl as the name of the Gargoyle language is "Gargish".
Spoken Gargish is grammatically rather flexible. Distinctions between nouns, adjectives, and verbs are indicated by gestures and intonations. This flexibility is also apparent in the names of magic spells derived from Gargish phrases. "Vas Sanct Lor", for instance, is derived from the Gargish vas saengkt lor, but it is equally correct to say saengkt vas lor or even lor saengkt vas. Gargoyles tend to omit words they consider to be unnecessary complications, like pronouns, and they often speak in infinitives. While a human attempting to speak Gargish might come up with something like í est ker í le vid ú prae, "I'm certain that I've seen you before", a Gargoyle would simply say ker le vid prae (or more idiomatically, ker prae vid le), "to be certain having seen before". With practice, it is possible to deduce the implied pronouns in a Gargoyle sentence, but not always easy.
Unlike spoken Gargish, the written language has no way to mark the intonations and gestures that make the speech intelligible, so there are suffixes that mark words as being verbs, nouns, or adjectives, and also indicate the tense and aspect of verbs. In many cases, these are words which are meaningful by themselves, such as the adjectival suffix -de, which means "of" in isolation. Here is a list of the most common suffixes:
- char "part" (names a tool used for doing a certain action, such as agrachar "weapon")
- de "of" (marks adjectives or adverbs formed from nouns, verbs, and other words)
- ku "with" (forms adjectives, such as mirku "watery")
- le "end" (marks past tense or perfective aspect of verbs)
- lem "one" (similar to English -er in baker, writer, miner, etc.)
- re "begin" (marks future tense of verbs)
- sa "able" (similar to English -able, ible)
- tas "quality" (marks abstract nouns, such as ámotas "love", vs. ámo "to love")
- te "in" (marks present tense or imperfective aspect of verbs)
- ve "like" (forms adjectives, such as misve "similar")
Gargoyles have an alphabet of 30 characters, arranged in a 5x6 pattern. Similar sounds are grouped together by rows and columns. For instance, the first row, transcribed as p b m f v u, represents sounds that are produced with the lips, and the sounds in the first column, p t ch kl k, are all voiceless stops.
The letter u also serves to represent w at the beginning of a syllable when followed by a vowel. The sequence k-u is sometimes pronounced ku, as in kuante, but more frequently kw (traditionally transcribed as qu), as in quas. Three of the letters (ny nl, and hl) serve only to complete the chart, and are not found in contemporary spoken Gargish.
The Gargish language has long and short vowels. They are not normally distinguished in spelling, except where this would cause confusion. For example, uus means "up," but us means "diligence." In this document, long vowels are marked with an accent: us vs. úus, súm vs. summ.[1][2]
Most gargoyles have names that describe their profession, however some (particularly the elite) have names which are meaningless in themselves (such as Draxínusom), or have meanings beyond their profession (like Beh Lem, which means "just one", "the one of justice" – compare beh, the mantra of Justice).[3]
Magical Language[edit]
The Words of Power used in magic are derived from Gargish. Indeed, many potent spells, or rituals, are spoken in Gargish.
Syllable
|
Gargish Word
|
An
|
an
|
Bet
|
bet
|
Corp
|
korp
|
Des
|
des
|
Ex
|
ex
|
Flam
|
flam
|
Grav
|
grav
|
Hur
|
húr
|
In
|
in
|
Jux
|
jux
|
Kal
|
kal
|
Lor
|
lor
|
Mani
|
mání
|
Nox
|
nax
|
Ort
|
ort
|
Por
|
por
|
Quas
|
quas
|
Rel
|
rel
|
Sanct
|
saengkt
|
Tym
|
tim
|
Uus
|
úus
|
Vas
|
vas
|
Wis
|
wís
|
Xen
|
zen
|
Ylem
|
áilem
|
Zu
|
zú
|
Examples of complex spells using Gargish include the following:
Spell
|
Meaning
|
Used in
|
Rel An-Quas Ailem In Gargl
|
Change Reality (of) Matter into Gargoyle
|
Ultima VII: Forge of Virtue (by Erethian)[4]
|
Rel An-Quas Ailem In Bal-zen
|
Change Reality (of) Matter into Monster
|
Ultima VII: Forge of Virtue (by Erethian)[4]
|
Rel An-Quas Ailem In Bet-Zen
|
Change Reality (of) Matter into Small Animal
|
Ultima VII: Forge of Virtue (by Erethian)[4]
|
Rel An-Quas Ailem In MOO
|
Change Reality (of) Matter into Cow
|
Ultima VII: Forge of Virtue (by Erethian)[4]
|
An Ort Rel
|
Negate Magic Change
|
Ultima VII: Forge of Virtue (by Erethian)[4]
|
An Vas Ailem
|
Negate Great Matter
|
Ultima VII: Forge of Virtue (by Erethian)[4]
|
Kal Bet Ailem
|
Summon Small Matter
|
Ultima VII: Forge of Virtue (by Erethian)[4]
|
Vas Ort Rel Tym Vas An Ort Ailem
|
Great Magic of Changing Time - Great Negation of Magic Matter
|
Ultima VII: Forge of Virtue (by Erethian)[4]
|
Vas Flam Uus
|
Great Flame Up (Blood Flame)
|
Ultima VII: Forge of Virtue (by the Avatar, to invoke the magic of Castambre)[5]
|
Vas Rel Ailem
|
Great Change Matter (Form Rock Person)
|
Kal Mani
|
Summon Healing (Create Life)
|
I Re-tem Bentas Juxark I. Praetimde Mír-Wís Re-Por I
|
I have Virtue, Protect Me. Ancient Turtle, Transport Me.
|
Ultima VII Part Two (by the Avatar, to summon the the Mad Mage's giant turtle)[6]
|
In Pri Kli Ort Ailem, Priin Ort Inten Mani
|
Invoke Unity (of) Three Matter/Parts, Unify (Unity Invoke) Magic Maintain Life
|
Ultima VII Part Two (by the Avatar, to reunite the Banes of Chaos)[6]
|
Lexicon[edit]
Provided here is a dictionary of all known Gargish words and their English equivalent.[7][8][9]
Gargish
|
English
|
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
|
A
|
a
|
but; yet
|
a-sa
|
cannot
|
abis
|
bee
|
abis-áilem
|
honey
|
abis-kans
|
honey
|
abis-reg
|
beehive
|
abu
|
misuse; squander; waste
|
ac
|
act (v)
|
ack
|
proof; receipt
|
ac-tas
|
act; process
|
acu
|
detail;' needle; pin
|
ad
|
on; upon
|
ade
|
however
|
adictas
|
addition
|
adix
|
add
|
adsenkt
|
agree
|
adsenktas
|
agreement
|
adsenkt-de
|
approve
|
adsi
|
consent; incessant; regular
|
aes
|
copper
|
afin
|
acquaintance; relation; relationship; bond
|
aglo
|
armor
|
ágra
|
attack; fight; hit
|
ágra-char
|
weapon
|
ágra-char-in-lem
|
blacksmith; Weaponsmith
|
ágra-lem
|
fighter; guard; warrior
|
ágra-lem-mur
|
army; military
|
ágra-tas
|
struggle
|
áh
|
sixty-four
|
ai
|
there is; there are
|
ai-re
|
there will be
|
aig
|
nail; rivet; spike
|
áilem
|
dust; matter; substance; thing
|
áilem-char
|
material
|
áilem-de
|
solid
|
aio
|
yes
|
ai-re
|
there will be
|
ak
|
sharp
|
aki
|
hawk
|
aksi, axi
|
law; principle
|
aksi-múr, axi-múr
|
the three principles
|
al
|
salt
|
alb
|
white
|
ali
|
(an)other
|
alt
|
deep
|
alv
|
belly; stomach; womb
|
am
|
honesty; honest
|
amb
|
stroll; walk
|
amit
|
give up; lose
|
amit-tas
|
loss
|
ámo
|
love
|
ámo-ágra-tas
|
competition
|
ámo-lem
|
friend; loved one
|
an
|
negate; negative; not; none; no
|
an-ad
|
off
|
an-adsenk-tas
|
against
|
an-ágra
|
peace
|
an-ai
|
absence
|
an-áilem
|
nothing
|
an-ámo
|
hate; hatred
|
an-ámo-lem
|
enemy
|
an-ang
|
loose; loosen; wide
|
an-aur
|
credit
|
an-bal
|
good
|
an-bal-sil-fer
|
False Prophet
|
an-ben
|
sick; ill
|
an-ben-tas
|
disease
|
an-cel
|
short
|
an-cel-lem
|
commoner
|
an-cirk
|
far
|
an-do
|
front
|
an-ex
|
slave; enslave
|
an-ex-por
|
lock; locked; closed
|
an-flam
|
cold; douse; put out
|
an-húr
|
calm
|
an-in
|
crush; destroy; smash
|
an-in-tas
|
demolition; destruction
|
an-jux
|
remove danger; safe; secure; untrap
|
an-kad-sa
|
infallible
|
an-kal
|
banish
|
an-kans
|
famine
|
an-kred
|
disbelief; discredit; doubt
|
an-ku
|
without
|
an-ku-kred
|
impulse; impulsive
|
an-lai
|
sad; unhappy
|
an-lim
|
rough; sketch; sketchy; unrefined
|
an-lor
|
dark; darkness
|
an-lor-tim
|
night
|
an-mání
|
hurt; harm
|
an-mis
|
different
|
an-mul
|
shame
|
an-múr
|
few
|
an-múr-de
|
countless
|
an-nax
|
cure poison
|
an-nax-áilem
|
antidote
|
an-ord
|
chaos
|
an-ort
|
dispel; negate magic
|
an-plen
|
drain
|
an-por
|
still; motionless; stop; lock; rest
|
an-pur
|
complex; dirty
|
an-quas
|
real; reality
|
an-rap
|
slow
|
an-rel
|
static; constant; unchanging
|
an-sá
|
cannot
|
an-saengkt
|
unprotected; curse(d)
|
an-son
|
quiet; silent
|
an-ten
|
lack
|
an-tim
|
never
|
an-uus
|
low
|
an-vas-ku
|
slender; thin
|
an-ver
|
left
|
an-vol-de, an-vold-de
|
wingless
|
an-wís
|
foolish; unwise; forget
|
an-zen
|
inanimate
|
an-zú
|
awake; awaken; conscious; wake; wake up
|
ann
|
year
|
ang
|
cling; tight
|
ang-ku
|
clingy
|
ang-ter
|
narrow
|
angulem
|
angle
|
ang-vid
|
observation; scrutiny
|
anísh
|
strange
|
anmánívas
|
Anmanivas (name)
|
ansikart
|
Ansikart (name)
|
ant
|
pump
|
ánte
|
among; enter; in; into; within
|
apér
|
open; unlock
|
apér-an-tu
|
private
|
apér-ter
|
door; gate
|
apér-tu
|
public
|
ápta
|
proper; correct
|
ápta-de
|
properly
|
aran
|
orange
|
arb
|
bush; vegetation
|
arb-char
|
plough; plow
|
arb-de
|
nature; natural
|
arb-flam
|
forest fire
|
arb-kans
|
fruit
|
arb-lem
|
farmer
|
arb-ped
|
root
|
arb-reg
|
farm
|
arb-teg
|
bark (tree)
|
arch
|
arc; bent; bow; curve
|
arg
|
silver
|
arí
|
berserk
|
ark
|
hide; keep (away)
|
ark-lem
|
stealth
|
ark-tas
|
secret
|
arr
|
ask; interrogate; question (v)
|
arr-tas
|
interrogation; question
|
ars
|
art
|
ars-lem
|
artist
|
ars-solu
|
stage
|
art
|
master
|
asper
|
despise; disdain; scorn; spurn
|
assuk
|
insurance
|
ast
|
at
|
ater
|
brick
|
atra
|
ink
|
átri
|
hall
|
au
|
or
|
aud
|
hear; listen; ear
|
aud-char
|
song
|
aud-de
|
hearing
|
aur
|
gold; money
|
aurvidlem
|
Aurvidlem (name)
|
aust
|
south
|
aut
|
self
|
aux
|
help; support
|
ávatar
|
Avatar
|
avir
|
bird
|
axi
|
principle
|
axi-múr
|
the three principles
|
azer
|
bitter
|
B
|
baka
|
berry
|
bal
|
evil; bad; doom
|
bal-lem
|
Evil One
|
bal-mus
|
rat
|
bal-olef
|
stench; stink
|
bal-sil
|
prophecy
|
bal-sil-fer
|
prophet
|
bal-son
|
noise
|
bal-ungo
|
chafe; grind; wear out
|
bal-zen
|
monster
|
basi
|
kiss
|
bea
|
fortune; luck; lucky
|
beh
|
justice
|
beh-de
|
proper
|
beh-lem
|
just one (person)
|
beh-reg
|
courthouse
|
belis
|
anger (v)
|
belis-ku
|
angry
|
belis-tas
|
anger
|
bel-lem
|
judge
|
ben
|
good; healthy; well
|
ben-de
|
properly; well
|
ben-fin
|
success
|
ben-in
|
craft
|
ben-in-áilem
|
artifact
|
ben-in-lem
|
craftsman; Goodscrafter
|
ben-in-tas
|
precise; precision
|
ben-ku
|
kind; kindly
|
ben-lem
|
virtuous
|
ben-mon
|
manage
|
ben-mon-lem
|
manager
|
ben-mon-tas
|
administration; politics; political
|
ben-om-mání
|
prosperity
|
ben-reg
|
hospital
|
ben-sop
|
excite; surprise
|
ben-sop-tas
|
excitement
|
ben-tas
|
health; virtue
|
bet
|
small
|
bet-arb
|
plant
|
bet-drak
|
drake
|
bet-fil
|
thread
|
bet-lem
|
child
|
bet-mantik
|
pouch
|
bet-mens
|
shelf
|
bet-op
|
village
|
bet-sarp
|
worm
|
bet-ter-mír
|
well (water)
|
bet-tim
|
young; new
|
bet-zen
|
insect
|
betra
|
Betra (name)
|
beur
|
butter
|
bib
|
drink
|
bif
|
crossroad; fork
|
bij
|
jewel
|
bólesh
|
Bolesh (name)
|
braca
|
breeches; pants; trousers
|
brák
|
arm
|
bris
|
broken
|
buci
|
horn
|
buk
|
mouth
|
buk-kul
|
tooth; teeth
|
buk-marga
|
lip
|
buto
|
button
|
C
|
can
|
allow; let
|
cani'
|
dog
|
car
|
part
|
car-de-arb
|
branch
|
carn
|
meat
|
cas
|
accident; chance
|
cel
|
noble; high
|
celsus
|
tall
|
cerub
|
brain
|
ceu
|
example
|
cev
|
goat
|
chan
|
allow
|
chan-por
|
admit
|
chan-por-tas
|
admittance
|
char
|
part
|
char-zen
|
member
|
circem
|
about
|
cirk
|
close (proximity); near
|
clav
|
key
|
clen
|
dependent
|
clens
|
client
|
cliv
|
incline; slope
|
clok
|
bell
|
clud
|
complete
|
cod
|
tail; trail
|
coel
|
climate; weather
|
cons
|
effect
|
cor
|
breast; heart
|
coxi
|
digest
|
coxi-tas
|
acid; digestion
|
cras
|
dense; heavy; thick
|
crin
|
hair
|
crios
|
blood
|
cu
|
collar; neck
|
cu-de
|
throat
|
cui
|
spoon
|
culk
|
cushion
|
cult
|
culture; education
|
cur
|
cart
|
curo
|
run
|
D
|
dáemón
|
daemon
|
de
|
belong; possess; of; from; than; like
|
de-ku-est
|
probable
|
deji
|
cast (throw); hurl; throw; toss
|
del
|
line; row; verse
|
de-lem
|
owner
|
delsa
|
soft
|
delsa-teg
|
smooth
|
delsa-teks
|
linen
|
denae
|
again
|
deresh
|
Deresh (name)
|
des
|
reduce; lower; down
|
des-áilem
|
hail; meteor storm
|
des-de
|
below; under
|
des-in-tas
|
foundation; underpinning
|
des-lem
|
handyman; laborer; worker
|
des-por
|
descend
|
des-ter
|
valley
|
des-ter-múr
|
underworld
|
desbet
|
Desbet (name)
|
dig
|
finger
|
dig-kir
|
ring
|
dim
|
remit; return; send
|
dis
|
apart; asunder
|
do
|
back
|
dol
|
cunning; deceit; treachery; trick
|
domu
|
building
|
don
|
give; drop; yield
|
don-an-hur
|
comfort
|
don-lai
|
please
|
don-múr
|
distribute
|
don-múr-tas
|
distribution
|
don-poen
|
grief (v)
|
don-sadis
|
punish
|
don-sadis-tas
|
punishment
|
dot
|
debt
|
drak
|
dragon
|
draxínusom
|
Draxinusom (name)
|
dúk
|
guide
|
dur
|
duration; for (period of time); while
|
E
|
eger
|
desire; need
|
eger-ku
|
necessary; needed
|
ek
|
six
|
enu
|
list
|
equi
|
horse
|
er
|
so
|
erb
|
grass
|
esh, ew
|
and
|
est
|
be; exist; is; are
|
esta
|
such; that; those
|
esta-de
|
thereby; therewith
|
esta-tim
|
then
|
et
|
albeit; although; though
|
evol
|
development; growth
|
ex, eks
|
freedom; free; release
|
ex-por
|
hatch; open; unlocked
|
ex-rap
|
burst
|
exferlem
|
Exferlem (name)
|
F
|
fai-an-kred
|
do
|
feb
|
decline
|
fed
|
bond (v); connect; tie (v)
|
fed-tas
|
affinity; bond; connection; tie
|
fel
|
wrong
|
fel-tas
|
error
|
fel-wís
|
false; falsehood; lie; fable
|
felúka
|
Felucca (the moon)
|
fem
|
female
|
fem-bet-lem
|
girl
|
fem-in-lem
|
mother
|
fem-lem
|
woman
|
fem-orn
|
dress
|
fem-prol
|
daughter
|
fen
|
window
|
fer
|
bring; bear (v)
|
fervi
|
boil
|
fervi-ku
|
boiling
|
fest
|
disgust
|
fest-as
|
contempt; disgusting
|
fig
|
fix; fixed
|
fil
|
cable; cord
|
fin
|
end
|
fin-ku
|
over
|
fírm
|
close (v); shut
|
fla
|
whip
|
flam
|
flame; fire; heat
|
flam-char
|
oven
|
flam-ku
|
hot; warm
|
flam-tim
|
summer
|
flur
|
flower
|
fódus
|
Fodus (name)
|
fol
|
leaf
|
for
|
strong
|
for-por
|
shove
|
fora
|
aperature; fissure; hole
|
fora-ku
|
hollow
|
foranámo
|
Foranamo (name)
|
forbrák
|
Forbrak (name)
|
forlem
|
For-Lem (name)
|
formi
|
ant
|
forskis
|
Forskis (name)
|
frèt
|
brother
|
fu
|
crazy; deranged
|
ful
|
brown
|
fum
|
smoke; steam; vapor
|
G
|
gargl
|
Gargoyle; Gargish
|
gat
|
cat
|
gen
|
knee
|
gens
|
gender; sex
|
glór
|
glory
|
glub
|
ball
|
grat
|
thank(s)
|
grav
|
authority; energy; field; power
|
grebdil
|
Grebdil (name)
|
gres
|
out; exit; way (out)
|
gres-por
|
begone; come out; exit; leave; go out; hatch
|
H
|
har
|
hour
|
harm
|
harmony
|
harp
|
clamp; grappling; hook
|
hiúman
|
human
|
hoc
|
till; until
|
horel
|
clock
|
horffé
|
Horffe (name)
|
hori
|
gray
|
húr
|
wind; air
|
húr-ex-cu
|
cough
|
húr-son
|
whistle
|
I
|
í
|
I, me
|
ídde
|
mine (possession)
|
íde
|
my
|
ílem
|
we, us (he/she/they and I)
|
in
|
make; create; cause; form; become
|
in-áilem
|
produce
|
in-aur
|
profit
|
in-aur-ku
|
profitable
|
in-bet
|
shrink; focus
|
in-des
|
diminish; reduce
|
in-ex
|
free; release
|
in-flam
|
ignite; burn
|
in-húr
|
blow
|
in-jur
|
promise (v); swear
|
in-jux
|
threaten; endanger
|
in-ker
|
convince
|
in-korp
|
die; kill
|
in-lor
|
illuminate
|
in-mání
|
heal
|
in-mání-lem
|
healer
|
in-mis
|
copy (v); duplicate (v)
|
in-nax
|
poison (v)
|
in-ort
|
enchant
|
in-ten
|
maintain
|
in-por
|
go; come
|
in-por-dis
|
avert; avoid
|
in-saengkt
|
protect
|
in-sel
|
decision
|
in-spak
|
range
|
in-ten
|
maintain
|
in-vas
|
enlarge
|
in-wís
|
learn; teach; study
|
in-wís-de
|
teaching
|
in-wís-lem
|
teacher
|
in-wís-lók
|
interpret
|
in-wís-lor
|
create an image; draw; paint
|
in-wís-tas
|
lesson
|
in-zen
|
born; birth
|
in-zú
|
fall asleep
|
inforlem
|
Inforlem (name)
|
init
|
begin; start
|
inmánílem
|
Inmanilem (name)
|
insep
|
test; try
|
insu
|
island
|
int
|
join
|
int-rep-ku
|
assemble; match; merge
|
int-vas
|
grow; enlarge
|
int-zu
|
marry; married
|
int-zu-tas
|
marriage
|
intes
|
between
|
inwíslóklem
|
Inwisloklem (name)
|
ish
|
normal
|
ista
|
this
|
ita
|
thus; so
|
iten
|
journey
|
J
|
jist
|
fiction
|
jup
|
skirt
|
júr
|
oath; promise
|
jux, juks
|
danger; harm; damage
|
jux-ark
|
defend; protect (from harm)
|
jux-wís
|
alert
|
K
|
kad
|
fail; collapse
|
kah
|
sacrifice
|
kah-mání-zen-de
|
sacrificial
|
kal
|
summon; call; greet; hello; usher in
|
kal-ort
|
cast (a spell)
|
kalix
|
chalice; cup
|
kans
|
use; consume; eat
|
kans-char
|
plate
|
kans-in-lem
|
cook; Foodmaker
|
kans-sa
|
consumable
|
kap
|
box
|
karbas
|
canvas
|
kas
|
helm
|
kat
|
fall
|
ker
|
sure; certain
|
ker-de
|
to be sure; certainly
|
ker-tas
|
conviction
|
kimik
|
chemical
|
kír
|
circle
|
kír-char
|
wheel
|
kír-ku
|
round
|
kír-por
|
orbit; roll
|
klár, qar
|
bright
|
klau, qau
|
chamber
|
klep, qep
|
take; get; steal
|
klep-lem
|
thief; pirate
|
klí, qí
|
three
|
klí-tim
|
thrice
|
kódeks, kódex
|
book; codex
|
kódex-reg
|
library
|
kon
|
opposite
|
kons
|
organization
|
kor
|
courage
|
korb
|
basket
|
korp
|
death; dead; deadly
|
kort
|
chrysalis; cork
|
kreb
|
frequent
|
kred
|
believe; think; consider
|
kred-char
|
mind
|
kred-don, kredon
|
entrust
|
kred-in
|
idea; invention
|
kred-in-lem
|
creator; inventor
|
kred-lem
|
believer
|
kred-tas
|
belief; opinion; theory; thought
|
krill
|
Krill (name)
|
ku
|
with
|
ku-ánte
|
within
|
ku-por
|
combine
|
kua, qua
|
which; as
|
kuad, quad
|
cube
|
kuae, quae
|
problem
|
kuar, quar
|
four
|
kuas, quas
|
illusion; illusionary
|
kui, quí
|
any
|
kui-áilem
|
anything
|
kui-tim
|
anytime
|
kul
|
knife
|
kuo, quó
|
how
|
kupsi
|
blade
|
kur
|
attention; care
|
kur-ku
|
attentive; caring
|
L
|
la
|
the
|
lab
|
glide; slide; slip
|
lago
|
bottle
|
lai
|
happy; happiness; joy; pleasure
|
lan
|
tongue
|
lanx
|
plate; platter; tray
|
lap
|
stone; rock
|
laplem
|
Lap-Lem (name)
|
lat
|
flank; side
|
le
|
limit; end; action completed; could
|
le-in
|
achieve
|
le-in-tas
|
achievement
|
leb
|
pot
|
lect
|
electric
|
leg
|
read
|
leg-te
|
reading
|
lem
|
he, she, it, they; him, her, it, them; one; those
|
lem-de
|
his, her, its, their
|
lem-múr
|
everyone; those
|
len
|
gentle
|
len-tas
|
gentleness; kindness
|
líbrum
|
book; librum
|
lig
|
line
|
lim
|
polish; refine
|
ling, liy
|
language
|
lint
|
sail; ship (v)
|
lin-tas
|
boat
|
lint-reg
|
harbour, harbor
|
lint-tas
|
ship
|
lit
|
letter
|
loc
|
location; position
|
lók
|
discuss; say; speak; talk; tell
|
lók-an-adsenktas
|
protest; recriminate
|
lók-de
|
talking
|
lók-trak
|
represent
|
lók-trak-lem
|
representative
|
lor
|
light
|
lor-fil
|
ray
|
lor-rel
|
lens
|
lor-rel-in-lem
|
Lensmaker
|
lor-tim
|
day; daytime
|
lor-tim-init
|
morning
|
lor-tim-pos
|
tomorrow
|
lor-tim-prae
|
yesterday
|
lor-wís-lem
|
Lensmaker (title; scholar of light)
|
lud
|
fun; game; humor; humorous; play
|
lud-áilem
|
toy
|
lud-ku
|
funny; playful
|
lud-lem
|
player
|
lum
|
humility
|
lum-lem
|
humble
|
luo
|
pay (v); payment
|
lup
|
wolf
|
M
|
mac
|
wall
|
mag
|
dear; important
|
mag-áilem
|
mass
|
mag-ars
|
science
|
mag-ars-lem
|
scientist
|
mag-dig
|
thumb
|
mag-enu
|
archive; record
|
mag-kred
|
religion
|
mag-mo
|
statement
|
mag-múr
|
committee
|
mag-sed
|
throne
|
mag-teks
|
flag
|
mag-trav
|
operation
|
mag-wís
|
news
|
makis
|
apparatus; machine
|
mal
|
apple
|
mán
|
remain
|
mán-char
|
remains
|
mání
|
life; healing; live
|
mání-áilem
|
food
|
mání-de
|
medical
|
mantik
|
bag
|
mantik-teks
|
pocket
|
mánu
|
hand
|
mánu-orn
|
glove
|
mar
|
sea
|
marga
|
edge
|
mas
|
male
|
mas-bet-lem
|
boy
|
mas-in-lem
|
father
|
mas-lem
|
man
|
mas-orn
|
robe
|
mas-prol
|
son
|
med
|
center; middle
|
mek
|
sword
|
mek-lem
|
swordsman; fighter
|
mel
|
black
|
mens
|
table
|
ment
|
chin
|
min
|
less
|
minzur
|
amount; measure
|
minzur-char
|
ruler (measurement)
|
mír
|
water
|
mír-an-nax
|
cure potion
|
mír-de
|
wave
|
mír-for
|
current (water)
|
mír-korp-nox
|
deadly poison
|
mír-ku
|
watery; wet
|
mír-mání
|
healing potion
|
mír-sarp
|
sea serpent
|
mír-wís
|
turtle; giant turtle; dragon turtle
|
mis
|
same; too
|
mis-squa
|
parallel
|
mis-tas
|
balance
|
mis-tim
|
also
|
mis-ve
|
similar
|
mit
|
sweet
|
mit-mání-áilem
|
cake
|
mo
|
noun; word
|
mol
|
hammer
|
mon
|
to lead; lead (v)
|
mon-de
|
responsible
|
mon-lem
|
leader
|
mon-wís
|
advice
|
mont
|
mountain
|
mord
|
bite
|
mors
|
behavior; tendency
|
mot
|
engine
|
mú
|
compassion
|
mul
|
pride
|
mun
|
minute
|
múr
|
number; multiple; group; many
|
múr-flur
|
garden
|
múr-in-zen
|
fertile
|
múr-lor-tim
|
month
|
múr-om
|
community; society
|
múr-pri-lem
|
council; government
|
múr-skis
|
reorganize; sort (v)
|
mus
|
mouse
|
N
|
nag
|
swim
|
naks, nax, nox
|
poison (n); poisonous
|
naxátilor
|
Naxatilor (name)
|
násh
|
Nash (name)
|
neb
|
mist
|
nem
|
lumber; wood
|
ner
|
nerge
|
nes
|
require; must; has to
|
nes-tas
|
demand; request
|
ni
|
no; neither
|
nim
|
quite; very
|
nix
|
snow
|
nod
|
knot
|
nóm
|
name
|
nub
|
cloud
|
O
|
o
|
by
|
oblek
|
amuse
|
oblektas
|
amusement
|
ok
|
eight
|
ok-de
|
eighth
|
ole
|
oil
|
olef
|
smell (v)
|
olef-ku
|
smelly; stinky
|
olef-tas
|
odor; smell
|
om
|
spirituality
|
om-de
|
sacred; holy
|
om-jux
|
desecrate
|
op
|
city; town
|
op-som
|
tax
|
op-via
|
street
|
or
|
passion
|
orb
|
moon
|
orb-lap
|
moonstone
|
orb-rel
|
phase of moon
|
ord
|
order
|
orga
|
instrument
|
oric
|
ore
|
oric-de
|
metal; steel
|
oric-reg
|
mine (n)
|
oric-te
|
mine (v)
|
orn
|
dress (v)
|
orn-tas
|
ornament
|
oro
|
argue
|
oro-tas
|
argument
|
ort
|
magic
|
ort-lem
|
mage
|
ort-mír
|
magical potion
|
os
|
bone
|
ov
|
egg
|
P
|
pa
|
by
|
pál
|
pale
|
pál-os
|
Palos (name; pale bone)
|
pan
|
bread
|
pap
|
paper
|
pap-de
|
page
|
par
|
equal
|
par-de
|
equally
|
pat
|
potato
|
pecu
|
special; unusual
|
ped
|
foot
|
ped-aglo
|
boot; shoe
|
ped-ágra
|
kick
|
ped-dig
|
toe
|
ped-por
|
step
|
pek
|
sheet
|
pek-áilem
|
wool
|
pek-teg
|
cotton
|
pel
|
shovel; spade
|
pen
|
five
|
pend
|
hanging; stick
|
pend-char
|
glue; paste
|
pend-ku
|
sticky
|
per
|
use; function
|
per-sa
|
valuable
|
per-tas
|
functionality; usage
|
pinek
|
brush
|
pisk
|
fish
|
plen-tas
|
crowd (n); full
|
plir
|
coil (v); fold (v)
|
plir-kir
|
twist
|
plir-tas
|
coil; fold
|
plor
|
cry
|
plú
|
more; most; much
|
plú-ben
|
better
|
plum
|
feather
|
poen
|
regret (v); repent
|
poen-tas
|
regret; repentance
|
pons
|
bridge
|
por
|
motion; move; movement; moving; bring; transport
|
por-áilem
|
take; remove
|
por-an-do
|
push
|
por-char
|
leg
|
por-in
|
asborb
|
por-lem
|
porter
|
por-mír
|
stream; river
|
porci
|
pig
|
pos
|
follow; after
|
pos-an-do
|
forward
|
pos-tim
|
future; will; shall
|
pot
|
weight
|
prae
|
before; precede
|
prae-jist
|
history
|
prae-tim
|
past; was; ago
|
prae-tim-de
|
ancient
|
praen
|
grip
|
praen-char
|
net
|
predi
|
property
|
presk
|
almost
|
prí
|
one; unity; first
|
prí-de
|
single
|
prí-de-kans
|
meal
|
prí-in
|
unify
|
prí-lem
|
lord; queen; king; ruler
|
prí-tas
|
singularity; unit
|
prí-te
|
rule
|
prol
|
descendant
|
prop
|
intention; objective; plan; purpose
|
pud
|
powder
|
pul
|
chicken; fowl
|
pulker
|
beautiful
|
pulker-mo
|
poem
|
pupit
|
desk
|
pupit-de
|
drawer
|
pur
|
simple, clear
|
pur-sed
|
bench
|
purg
|
clean; wash
|
purg-áilem
|
soap
|
purg-ku
|
clear
|
purg-te-kap
|
bath
|
purg-zen-tu
|
bathe
|
Q
|
qua, kua
|
what; which; as
|
qua-lem
|
who; some
|
qua-ter
|
where
|
qua-tim
|
when
|
qua-wís
|
why; because; reason
|
quad, kuad
|
cube; square
|
quae, kuad
|
problem, trouble
|
quaeven
|
Quaeven (name)
|
quan
|
Quan (name)
|
quant
|
degree; size
|
quar, kuar
|
four
|
quas, kuas
|
illusion; illusionary
|
quas-áilem
|
duplicate
|
quas-korp
|
fear; illusion of death
|
quas-rep-ku
|
mix; mixed
|
quas-zen
|
clone
|
quí, kui
|
any; anything
|
quó, kuo
|
how
|
R
|
ra
|
valor
|
rad
|
base
|
rap
|
current (time); quick; urgent; now
|
rap-curo
|
dash; flee
|
rap-sa
|
available; handy; ready
|
rap-tim
|
quickly approaching; nigh
|
rati
|
account (v)
|
ratitas
|
account (n)
|
re
|
(in order) to; to begin; will; shall
|
re-in
|
begin
|
re-por
|
transport; take; carry
|
re-te
|
have; possess
|
rea
|
react' respond
|
rea-tas
|
reaction; response
|
rec
|
erect; straight
|
reg
|
home; house
|
reg-char
|
room
|
reg-vas-uus
|
roof
|
rei
|
business; event; industry
|
rel
|
change; changing
|
rel-por
|
moongate; moongate travel
|
rem
|
gift; prize; reward
|
rep
|
frame; structure
|
rep-ku
|
together
|
res
|
answer
|
reskí
|
remember
|
reski-tas
|
memory
|
rig
|
hard; stiff
|
rig-an-flam
|
ice
|
rig-kans
|
nut
|
rig-teg
|
scale (animal skin); shell
|
rir
|
laugh
|
rit
|
ritual
|
rót
|
turn
|
rú
|
red
|
rúneb
|
Runeb (name)
|
S
|
sá
|
can; able; may
|
sá-est
|
possible
|
sab
|
taste
|
sac
|
sugar
|
sac-ku
|
sugary; sweet
|
sadis
|
pain; torture
|
sadis-túrn
|
dungeon
|
saengkt, saeykt
|
bless; force; protection
|
saengkt-grav
|
force field
|
saengkt-lor
|
invisible; invisibility
|
saep
|
seal; stamp
|
saf
|
yellow
|
sal
|
spring (forth), jump
|
sarbo
|
coal
|
sarp
|
serpent; snake
|
sarp-an-zen-ex-lem
|
Snakecharmer
|
sarp-arí-lem
|
berserker
|
satis
|
adequate; enough
|
sarpling
|
Sarpling (name)
|
sed-tas
|
chair; seat
|
seg
|
grain; seed
|
sek
|
two; both; second
|
sek-de
|
other
|
sel
|
choose; select
|
sel-tas
|
choice; selection
|
sem
|
seven
|
sem-de
|
seventh
|
sem-lor-tim
|
week
|
semi
|
half
|
sent
|
feel; feeling
|
sep
|
cover
|
sept
|
north
|
sera
|
bar; fence; rail; rod
|
setil
|
basin; bucket
|
sev
|
intense; serious; stern; strict
|
sev-rem
|
offer; proposal; suggestion
|
si
|
if; whether
|
si-par
|
compare, comparison
|
sik
|
dry
|
sik-solu
|
sand
|
sil
|
star; astrology; prediction
|
silámo
|
Silamo (name)
|
simi
|
gorilla; monkey
|
síní
|
blue
|
sinvráal
|
Sin'Vraal (name)
|
sit
|
lie; rest
|
skel
|
calamity; crime
|
skel-lem
|
criminal
|
skel-lem-reg
|
prison
|
skí
|
know; knowledge; tell
|
skí-tas
|
intelligence; knowledge
|
skis
|
crack; cut; divide; tear apart; separate
|
skis-char
|
scissors; shears (tool)
|
skis-tas
|
division
|
skrí
|
print; write; writing
|
skrí-lem
|
writer
|
sku
|
shield
|
slaskow
|
Slaskow (name)
|
sol
|
only; but
|
solu
|
floor
|
som
|
cost; price; value
|
som-ku
|
costly
|
som-teks
|
silk
|
son
|
sound
|
son-de
|
music
|
son-lem
|
musician
|
sop
|
dismay; shock; confound
|
sor
|
sister
|
spak
|
distance; space
|
spec
|
kind (type); sort (n)
|
sper
|
anticipate; await; hope
|
squa
|
scale (balance); level
|
stat
|
condition
|
ster
|
sneeze
|
stul
|
foolish
|
sub
|
grin; nod; smile
|
subi
|
hasty; sudden; unexpected
|
súm
|
suppose
|
summ
|
honor
|
suo
|
stitch (v)
|
suo-tas
|
stitch (n)
|
suo-teks
|
clothe
|
súr
|
sun
|
T
|
ta
|
shoot
|
ta-re-por
|
boomerang
|
tab
|
card
|
tabil
|
board
|
tablap
|
slab
|
tam
|
nevertheless; still
|
tan
|
touch
|
tas
|
quality
|
te
|
present tense of verbs; action in progress; in
|
te-in
|
continue
|
te-mání
|
survive
|
te-mání-tas
|
survival
|
te-per-tas
|
persistence
|
teg
|
skin
|
teg-skis
|
shear
|
teg-vul
|
scar
|
teks
|
cloth
|
tem
|
storm
|
tem-ágra
|
thunder
|
ten
|
have
|
ten-te
|
has
|
ter
|
place (n)
|
ter-alt
|
interior; bowels (of earth)
|
ter-áilem
|
plane
|
ter-ánte
|
entrance; mouth (of cave)
|
ter-ark
|
hiding place
|
ter-esta
|
there
|
ter-flam
|
fireplace
|
ter-húr
|
sky
|
ter-húr-mir
|
rain
|
ter-init
|
original(ly)
|
ter-ista
|
here; present
|
ter-ista-por
|
come (here)
|
ter-mír
|
lake
|
ter-múr
|
world
|
ter-ort
|
temple; shrine
|
ter-per-tas
|
persistence
|
ter-por
|
reach
|
ter-reg
|
earth; land
|
ter-reg-wís-lor
|
map
|
ter-te
|
place (v); put
|
ter-vas-arb
|
forest
|
ter-zú
|
bed
|
teregus
|
Teregus (name)
|
thor
|
chest; body
|
thor-teks
|
tunic; shirt
|
tib
|
flute; pipe
|
tim
|
time; wait
|
tim-por
|
arrive; come
|
tim-spak
|
rhythm
|
tim-te
|
waiting; timing
|
ting
|
color; shade
|
ting-teks
|
banner
|
tint
|
adorn
|
tir
|
stretch
|
tir-ku
|
elastic; stretchy
|
ton
|
note
|
trak
|
to; toward; for; unto
|
trak-por
|
pull; draw
|
trak-tas
|
direction
|
trámel
|
Trammel (the moon)
|
trav
|
work
|
trav-ter
|
office
|
trax
|
across
|
trí
|
interesting
|
tú
|
all
|
tú-tas
|
whole
|
tú-tim
|
always; forever
|
túrn
|
cave
|
U
|
ú
|
you
|
ú-de
|
your, yours
|
úi-de
|
our, ours
|
úilem
|
us; we
|
ul
|
final; last
|
ul-tim
|
ultimate
|
úlem
|
you (pl): you and they; "you-all"
|
um
|
shadow
|
un-lem
|
shade (ghost)
|
umor
|
liquid
|
umor-flam
|
lava
|
umor-kans
|
soup
|
ún
|
control
|
ung
|
claw
|
ungo
|
annoint; run; smear
|
unq
|
ever
|
ura
|
breath
|
ura-char
|
nose
|
uri
|
east
|
urs
|
bear (animal)
|
us
|
diligence
|
us-ágra-lem
|
general; military leader; troop-leader
|
us-arb-vas-lem
|
agriculture leader; leader of farmers
|
usu
|
experiment
|
usu-de
|
experience
|
usu-lem
|
expert
|
ut
|
a
|
úus
|
expand; increase; lift; raise; up
|
úus-lem
|
leader; chief
|
úus-por
|
ascend
|
úus-tas
|
expansion
|
uy
|
claw
|
V
|
vaglem
|
wanderer; wandering
|
vak
|
cow
|
vak-mání-áilem
|
cheese
|
vak-mir
|
milk
|
val
|
curtain
|
válkadesh
|
Valkadesh (name)
|
vas
|
great; big; long; ultimate
|
vas-áilem
|
everything
|
vas-an-ben
|
plague
|
vas-an-lai
|
grieve; mourn
|
vas-an-lor
|
eclipse
|
var-an-ort
|
mass dispel
|
vas-ang
|
choke
|
vas-arb
|
tree
|
vas-arg-sarp
|
silver serpent
|
vas-bal
|
cruel
|
var-cur
|
carriage
|
vas-des
|
bottom
|
vas-feb
|
feeble; fragile; frail
|
vas-fu
|
demented; insane
|
vas-kap
|
chest (container)
|
vas-korp
|
lethal
|
vas-korp-ágra
|
battle; war
|
vas-korp-nox
|
lethal poison
|
vas-ku
|
fat
|
vas-leb
|
cauldron
|
vas-mír
|
ocean
|
vas-mír-an-nax
|
greater cure potion
|
vas-mír-mání
|
greater heal potion
|
vas-mír-nox
|
greater poison
|
var-múr-om
|
nation
|
vas-por-áilem
|
earthquake; tremor
|
vas-pos-tim
|
late
|
vas-prae-tim
|
early
|
vas-quas
|
confusion
|
vas-son
|
loud
|
vas-ter-reg
|
country
|
vas-tim
|
old; age; epoch; great time
|
vas-úus
|
elevated; high; top
|
vas-wís
|
(great) knowledge; (ultimate) wisdom
|
vasagralem
|
Vasagralem (name)
|
ve
|
like; as
|
ved
|
sell
|
ved-lem
|
vendor
|
ved-ter
|
market; shop; store
|
ved-ter-de
|
merchandise; stock
|
veh
|
brutal; ferocious; savage; violent
|
vel
|
even; flat
|
ven
|
discover; find
|
ven-tas
|
discovery
|
ver
|
true; truth; right
|
ver-de
|
truly
|
ver-in-de
|
perfect
|
ter-tas
|
fact
|
ver-vid
|
heed; respect
|
vers
|
all right; ok
|
ves
|
west
|
vest
|
search
|
vest-tas, vestas
|
quest
|
vex
|
annoy; disturb; jolt; shake
|
vía
|
path; course; road
|
vici
|
exchange; trade
|
vid
|
see; look; view; eye
|
vid-ku
|
seem
|
vid-lem
|
seer
|
vid-dúk, viduk
|
point
|
vidúk-tas
|
mark; sign
|
vil
|
cheap; common; little; poor
|
vil-de
|
less, least
|
vil-lem
|
servant
|
vil-ved
|
sale
|
vin
|
wine
|
vin-arb
|
vines
|
vink
|
chain
|
vír
|
green
|
vír-mír
|
swamp
|
vit
|
glass
|
vol
|
fly; wing
|
vol-de
|
winged
|
vórtex, vórteks
|
vortex
|
vox
|
voice
|
vul
|
injury; wound
|
W
|
wí
|
we, us (you and I/me)
|
wíde
|
our
|
wílem
|
we, us; all of us (you, they, and I)
|
wís
|
know; knowledge; wise; wisdom; intelligent
|
wís-char
|
head; face
|
wís-de
|
wisely
|
wís-lem
|
scholar
|
wís-lem-reg
|
school
|
wís-lor
|
see; vision; image; picture
|
wíslem
|
Wislem (name)
|
wíssúr
|
Wis Sur (name)
|
Z
|
zash, zaw
|
something; somewhat
|
zen
|
creature; being (n); animal; existence
|
zen-crin
|
fur
|
zen-for-tas
|
muscle
|
zen-korp
|
undead; daemon
|
zen-ku
|
physical
|
zen-lem
|
pet
|
zen-múr
|
race; people; person
|
zen-múr-int
|
meet, meeting
|
zen-teg
|
leather
|
zen-tú
|
body
|
zhah
|
Zhah (name)
|
zhel, zel
|
iron
|
zhel-kas
|
Zhelkas (name; iron helm)
|
zhen, xen
|
family
|
zú
|
sleep
|
zú-áilem
|
sleep dust
|
zú-ku
|
sleepy; tired
|
zú-tim
|
winter
|
|
Examples of Usage[edit]
Here are a few samples of Gargish sentences translated literally, then into more idiomatic English.[10]
Gargish
|
Literal translation
|
Idiomatic translation
|
Teresta sit lem antende nóm.
|
place-that lie ones not-have-of name
|
Here lie those that had no names.
|
Estatim i perle lorrel re inwíslor kódex ad quad.
|
that-time I used light-change begin make-know-light codex upon cube
|
Then I used the lens to form an image of the Codex upon the cube.
|
Ánte esta terreg máníte múr anísh zen.
|
in that place-home living number strange creature
|
In that land live many strange creatures.
|
A qua lemmúr wíste, an zen anku vol verde wís.
|
but what ones-number knowing, not creature not-with wing true-of knowledge.
|
But as everyone knows, no creature without wings is truly intelligent.
|
Ánte kódex skríle prí ben esh ver res quí quae.
|
in codex written one well and true answer any problem
|
Within the Codex is written the one right and true answer to any problem.
|
Anvolde lem ansa lók, esh anten skítas de volde lem.
|
not-wing-of ones not-can speak, and not-have know-ness of wing-of ones
|
The wingless ones cannot speak, and lack the intelligence of the winged ones.
|
Tú rete ku klí axi: ún, or, esh us.
|
all beginning with three principle: control, passion, and diligence
|
All begins with the three principles: Control, Passion and Diligence.
|
Ita anai de axi vidúkte trak semde bentas, ord.
|
thus not-there-is of principle see-guiding toward seven-of well-quality, order
|
Thus the absence of the principles points toward the seventh virtue, Order.
|
“
|
Just as there are two sides to every disagreement, so too does our world have two sides. And as the centuries have drifted past, both sides have known but whispered rumors of the other's existence. But, as it was written by out greatest prophet, in days long since faded from mortal memory, there shall be three signs that precede the end. Three times shall the false prophet come to our land.
He has already come twice.
The two sides of the world are not locked in deadly conflict, and by my power I have verified the prophecy. For I have seen that where there are now two worlds, soon there will be only one. And this shall come to pass after the false prophet returns a third and final time. What momentous events will soon come to pass I cannot say. But I know that the false prophet will arrive soon. Even now, on the other side of the world, a singer of songs and a teller of fortunes prepare to aid him...
Naxatilor the Seer
Translated from the Gargish by Captain John
Despite months of study, I find the Gargish language a mystery still. The simple passage above required every bit of knowledge and intuition I possessed. According to my young friend, Beh Lem, the passage below is of great significance, but I have much to learn, and he is not yet the scholar his father is. Even together, we have been unable to read it.
I hope and pray that you may have better luck...
John
|
- Gargoyles name for both themselves and their language is gargl. Gargoyle and Gargish are English corruptions of their toungue.
- The full description of the Gargish Language and its usage is first seen in The Book of Prophecy (which is copied on the Ultima Web Archive).
- Creation of this alphabet is credited to Herman Miller.
- A Gargish True Type Font is available on the Ultima Web Archive, allowing you to write in gargl.
- In addition to the Words of Power, the mantras for each of the Virtues are also present as the Gargish translation of that virtue!
- Many of the Gargish words are Greek, Latin or scientific base words (i.e. aur is Au from the periodic table symbol for "gold"; semi is Latin root for "half"; kli is a variation of tri, the Greek prefix meaning "three").
Gallery[edit]
Another book in Ultima IX
See Also[edit]
External Links[edit]
References[edit]