C64-port of Ultima VI

Ultima VI was ported to several platforms, including the Commodore 64 (C64).

History
Briefly, Richard Garriott had wanted to write Ultima VI using the 8-bit Apple II as a base, as he had done with each of the previous Ultimas. However, after a short amount of time and for various reasons (see this article's Discussion page), Origin moved the primary development platform to an 80286-based IBM PC with VGA graphics and soundcard. The game's creative progress went very fast after that decision.

However, after the game was finished and in the stores, the matter of ports came up; the PC, though it was increasingly dominant in the market, still had its competitors at the time, especially in the gaming department. While ports for the 16-bit Amiga and Atari ST computers were straightforward enough, as they could easily handle a game of this scale (albeit with some minor compromises in speed and audiovisual quality), there was one older 8-bit platform that was too tempting for Origin to pass up: the Commodore 64, which despite its age and increasing limitations still commanded a sizeable percentage of the home computer market at that time. As a bonus, a C64 port would mean the complete second trilogy would be available on the platform, something only the PC and Commodore Amiga could otherwise boast (since the planned Apple II version had been stillborn). However, although the C64 was theoretically a more powerful system than the Apple II, such a conversion faced a similar problem to that which Garriott had dealt with early in Ultima VI's development: Ultima had become so complex and demanding by this point that it had, simply put, outgrown the 8-bit systems of old.

Regardless of the difficulties involved, Origin got the help from Axel of Imagitec Design to somehow reverse-port the game to the C64. The only 8-bit version of Ultima VI (and the last 8-bit Ultima of any kind), the C64 port was released in early 1991, just about one year after the release of the original.

Technical
Porting a game of this size and complexity to the C64, with its rather severe limitations (64KB memory, ca. 1 MHz CPU speed, graphics with 16 fixed colors at 160x200 resolution with restrictions on color placement, and disks formatted for at most 170KB per side), required a huge effort. Many compromises and sacrifices had to be made in order to pull it off. (Unlike Ultima V, there was no "enhanced" version for the C64's "big brother," the Commodore 128, that would have taken advantage of that computer's larger memory.)

The final version of the game comes on three double-sided 5¼" floppy disks (a total of just under a megabyte of data, or roughly one-fourth the size of the PC original). The sides are named Surface, Dungeon, Populace A, Populace B, Populace C and Game. The Surface disk contains the overworld of Britannia and the Realm of the Gargoyles, divided into cities and the wilderness. The Dungeon disk contains all the dungeons of the game, while the three Populace disks are filled with all the conversations. Lastly, the Game disk holds the intro, endgame and character creation, and is used to initially boot the game.

While the division of the areas is mostly logical, the way conversations are handled is rather complicated. The method used requires the player to perform the following procedure whenever talking to someone in-game:
 * The player attempts to speak to a character.
 * The player has to insert the appropriate Populace disk, and then wait for the data to load.
 * Then the player has to re-insert the Surface disk, and wait through another disk access.
 * Only then will the conversation actually begin.

Considering that this must be done for every person in the game, from Lord British on down to a random NPC, a lot of time has to be spent following the indicated procedure. This is made worse by the slow speed and data-transfer rate of the standard Commodore 1541 floppy drive. (While there were faster disk drives available for the C64, none of them were 100% compatible with the 1541 and thus they were not guaranteed to work with all software on the market.) Ultima VI on the C64 didn't support the use of more than one disk drive either, unlike parts IV and V which had supported two drives on the C64, reducing disk swapping.

The control scheme is significantly altered from the PC version. Most notably, the icon-driven mouse-contolled interface is gone; instead, everything is done with keyboard commands, much as in the previous five Ultima games (U for use, D for drop, etc.). The joystick is used for moving and for aiming a crosshair, which is used to indicate an object you wish to perform an action on; a keyboard command is used to switch the crosshair between the main window and the inventory. This proved to be a very complicated command scheme, and is another often-cited criticism of the C64 port.

The influential British magazine ''ZZAP! 64'' gave the conversion an overwhelmingly positive (98%) review in their May 1991 issue.

What is missing
Due to the limitations of the C64, the developers were forced to eliminate a number of gameplay elements to make the conversion possible:


 * The game features no sound effects and, aside from the introduction and endgame sequences, no music.


 * There are no character portraits.


 * The number of usable items has been reduced. For example, there are no Triple Crossbows or powder kegs (meaning that doors have to be blasted open with the Explosion spell).


 * The number of spells has been reduced. The list of "missing" spells is below.


 * The size of the party is reduced, from 8 to 6.


 * As a space-saving measure, the conversations have been streamlined.


 * Horseriding is eliminated. The programmers use the excuse that the gargoyles have eaten all the horses; Smith is the only exception.


 * Peering is impossible. Peer Gems do not exist, along with the equivalent spell. This makes mapping a lot more difficult.


 * The interactivity of the game world is reduced. For example, the player cannot look into closets to find clothing, and telescopes can't be used.


 * Casting can be done without a spellbook. There is still one in the game, but it has no use.


 * The world itself is less detailed. For example, many decorative items are missing, and there are no tables (when one is needed, wooden-floor tiles are reused for this purpose). Also, there are no bags or chests; they are all replaced by barrels.


 * The intro has less text and some pictures are missing.


 * The built-in cheat menu is reduced in functionality, and it is not accessed by saying specific words to a certain other party member as in the PC version, but rather by talking to yourself and saying another set of specific words (the ability to talk to oneself is new in the C64 version).


 * The number of weapons has been reduced, as well as some of the armour (for example, Ring Mail is not available). The Triple Crossbow also doesn't exist.

Missing Spells
1st Circle
 * Detect Magic
 * Detect Trap
 * Douse
 * Ignite

2nd Circle
 * Reappear
 * Trap
 * Untrap(Destroy Trap)
 * Vanish

3rd Circle
 * Repel Undead
 * Peer
 * Mass Awaken

4th Circle
 * Poison Field
 * Animate

5th Circle
 * Insect Swarm
 * Pickpocket
 * Reveal
 * Seance

6th Circle
 * Clone
 * Confuse
 * Negate Magic
 * Replicate

7th Circle
 * Enchant
 * Fear (Cause Fear)
 * Wizard Eye

8th Circle
 * Eclipse
 * Slime
 * Armageddon

Gameplay Changes
Some of the gameplay changes that were made can't be explained with technical reasons and are a deliberate change made by the programmers.


 * There are several invisible levers. They can't be seen but used. Finding these can be a really annoying task.
 * Two of these levers are in the basement of Sutek's castle. These are found on the northern wall, where in the PC-version are four levers.
 * The first level of dungeon Wrong/Covetous has three of these levers strewn throughout the it.
 * The fourth level of Stonegate has one invisible lever (for the force field) on the northern wall of the center room.


 * Phoenix' belt is simply hidden under some flowers in her house and doesn't need to be pickpocketed, so the programmers removed the spell as well.